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Rapeseed Instead of Grain: Why Do They Prefer Industrial Crops in Altai?

Agro-Trader.com Agro-Trader.com12 сентября 2019 г., 8:15

 It has been raining almost throughout the Altai Territory, but harvest is still progressing. 

 By the beginning of this week, 3 million tons of grain were harvested in the region. We talked over in more detail with the Deputy Minister of Agriculture for Plant Production Nikolai Khalin about the course of the harvest season, and why farmers continue to choose industrial crops.

 Weather adjustments

 – Nikolay Sergeyevich, in what way does the weather complicate harvesting and is the regional Ministry of Agriculture satisfied with the intermediate results of the harvest?

 – Of course, weather conditions affect the pace, especially in the last three - four days. The pace has slightly weakened, although, today grain harvest is  already 60% complete, that's quite good compared to last year. More than 3 million tons of grain and pulses have already been harvested across the region. Buckwheat harvest has also begun. This culture ripens later than the early spring. Harvesting of sugar beets is progressing, the current rates here are at 17%.  Industrial crops, rapeseed harvest is ongoing at a good pace. Soy begins in about ten days. The time for sunflower has not come yet. In the best case, it's harvest begins later in September. The beginning of sunflower harvesting traditionally coincides with the first frosts. On some fields, agricultural producers carry out artificial desiccation, thereby accelerating the start of harvesting. This is especially practiced on large-fruited sunflower varieties that are grown for food purposes.

 – How are things going with winter crops?

– Currently winter crops planting is active. The region continues to expand the area. We have varieties that in recent years have shown good results in overwintering, in resistance to diseases and pests. The technology of growing winter crops for our agricultural producers has become more clear. The requirements recommended by science are much more clearly observed in order to protect plants and achieve the winter productivity that exists today. This year, winter crop yields around the region amounted to 26 centners per hectare, which is higher than the average yield in recent years. The area of ​​winter crops will continue to grow, and we only welcome this.

 Leaders and outsiders

 – What areas stand out in this year's harvesting campaign?

– Loktevsky, Tretyakovsky, Yegoryevsky, Rodinsky, Zavyalovsky, Bayevsky are the traditionally leading districts in harvesting of grains and leguminous crops. Harvest in Smolensk, Pospelikhinsky, Mikhailovsky, Romanovsky, Zonal, Mamontovsky, Novichikhinsky districts has also been  more than 70% complete.

 Burlinsky, Pankrushikhinsky, Shipunovsky and Krutikhinsky areas turned out to be outsiders, but not due to the technical capabilities of the farms, but to the weather conditions and the percentage of grain ripening.

 – Just last week, the governor of the Altai Territory went to the fields to see the situation with harvesting, to talk to the grain growers. Some farmers have complained about declining yields due to a dry summer. How widespread was this problem for the region?

 – The hydrometeorological center in the Altai Territory noted the manifestation of soil and atmospheric drought in the steppe regions on an area of ​​more than 2.5 million hectares. Nature once again reminded us that the Kulundinskaya steppe is a zone of risky agriculture. Underestimation of moisture-saving factors, improper selection of varieties of an ecotype, not suitable for the steppe regions, and other errors that technologists make in the fields are reflected in yield. At the same time, we note that in other farms that have the same conditions, harvest is yielding lower than across region, but not so bad compared to those who makes technological mistakes.

 Forecasts have lost their meaning

 – Is it possible today to forecast this year end's crop?

 – By and large, preliminary data today are not so important. The main thing for us is not to guess, but to harvest and preserve the grown crop. It is useless from the scientific point of view to make forecasts and compare indicators of the structure of increasing area planted to industrial crops across the Altai Territory. The emphasis is on the productivity of arable land. Over the past five years, the grain planting area  has decreased by 560 thousand hectares. Amid a decrease in grain, we remain top producers in the Siberian Federal District, and the crops are demanded not only in our region, but in the whole country.

 – In the coming years, will the trend to plant more industrial crops still last across the Altai Territory?

 – In the 70-80s, scientists recommendations were to plant more industrial crops in Altai. Today, crops such as soy and canola are more marginal. They are in demand on the market, and  also play the main role in the implementation of the federal project "Export of agricultural products". The replacement of crops is justified by analysts and experts, and it should be taken for granted.

Источник: zol.ru
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